In physics, conservation of energy and conservation of momentum are both consequences of which of the following?

Noether's Theorem is the answer because it is a fundamental principle in physics that relates symmetries to conserved quantities. Conservation of energy and conservation of momentum are consequences of Noether's Theorem because they arise from the translational symmetry of physical systems. This theorem states that for every continuous symmetry in a physical system, there exists a corresponding conserved quantity. For example, the translation symmetry in space and time leads to the conservation of energy and momentum, respectively. Therefore, both conservation of energy and conservation of momentum are consequences of Noether's Theorem.