Which dictator killed the most people?

Mao Zedong is believed to have been responsible for the deaths of the most people in history. As the chairman of the Chinese Communist Party and the leader of the People's Republic of China from 1949 until his death in 1976, Mao implemented various policies and campaigns that resulted in widespread human suffering and loss of life. The Great Leap Forward (1958-1962) and the subsequent famine that followed is estimated to have resulted in the deaths of tens of millions of people due to forced collectivization and misguided economic policies. The Cultural Revolution (1966-1976) further perpetuated violence and chaos, leading to numerous deaths, as Mao sought to maintain control over the communist party and eliminate his political rivals. Overall, these policies and campaigns resulted in the deaths of an estimated 45-70 million people during Mao's regime, earning him the reputation of having caused the greatest loss of life under a dictatorship.