Which of the following countries has officially banned the civilian use of dash cams in cars?

Austria has officially banned the civilian use of dash cams in cars. This ban has been imposed to protect the privacy of individuals, as dash cams could potentially capture footage of people without their consent. The Austrian authorities believe that allowing dash cams could violate data protection laws and compromise individual privacy rights. Consequently, the use of dash cams for personal or non-professional reasons is strictly prohibited in Austria.